Scientific Name: Pelargonium spp. (for most garden geraniums)
Geranium spp. (for true hardy geraniums)

Common Names: Geranium, Zonal Geranium, Cranesbill (for true geraniums)

Native to: Native to South Africa (for most garden geraniums) and parts of Europe and Asia (for true hardy geraniums, or Geranium spp.)

Lighting Requirements: Full sun. Prefers bright, direct sunlight for optimal flowering and growth.

Height: 12 to 24 inches, depending on the variety.

Width: 12 to 18 inches, depending on the variety.

Winter Look: In colder climates, Geraniums are often grown as annuals and die back after frost. True hardy geraniums can survive the winter in temperate regions.

Seasonal Interest: Spring to fall, with peak blooming in summer.

Drought Tolerance: Moderate. Geraniums are drought-tolerant once established but require regular watering, especially during hot spells.

Soil Requirements: Well-draining, moderately fertile soil, rich in organic matter. Prefers slightly acidic to neutral soil.

pH Range: 6.0 to 7.0 (slightly acidic to neutral)

Hardiness Zones: USDA Zones 10 to 11 (grown as an annual in colder zones)

Deer Resistance: Low. Deer may nibble on Geraniums, especially if other food sources are scarce.

Attracts: Bees, butterflies, and other pollinators, especially the bright, colorful flowers.

Toxicity: Some species may cause mild irritation if ingested.

Potential Issues: Susceptible to aphids, whiteflies, spider mites, and fungal diseases such as rust or powdery mildew.

Notes: Geraniums are one of the most popular bedding plants, appreciated for their vibrant, showy flowers in various colors, including red, pink, white, and purple. They are easy to grow in containers, hanging baskets, or garden beds. Geraniums are often grown for their ornamental value and are not hardy in frost-prone regions unless protected or brought indoors. They can thrive in various conditions, making them popular for gardeners of all experience levels.