Pansies

Scientific Name: Viola x wittrockiana

Common Names: Pansy, Garden Pansy, Spring Pansy

Native to: Hybrid species derived from native violas, primarily from Europe and Asia

Lighting Requirements: Full sun to partial shade. Pansies perform best in full sun but can tolerate some light shade, especially in hotter climates where afternoon shade helps protect them from heat stress.

Height: 6 to 12 inches 

Width: 6 to 12 inches 

Winter Look: Typically grown as a cool-season annual, Viola x wittrockiana can survive light frosts and continues to bloom throughout fall and into winter in mild climates. 

Seasonal Interest: Fall, winter, and spring, with peak blooming in early spring and fall

Drought Tolerance: Low. Viola x wittrockiana prefers consistently moist soil and does not tolerate drought well.

Soil Requirements: Well-draining, fertile soil with organic matter

pH Range: 6.0 to 6.5 (slightly acidic)

Hardiness Zones: USDA Zones 6 to 10 

Deer Resistance: Low; deer candy

Attracts: Bees, butterflies, and other pollinators

Potential Issues: Susceptible to aphids, slugs, snails, and fungal diseases such as powdery mildew and root rot. Pansies can also be affected by black spot or rust in humid conditions.

Notes: Viola x wittrockiana is a hybrid pansy known for its bright, showy flowers in a wide range of colors, including purple, yellow, blue, white, and orange, often with unique patterns and markings. It is one of the most popular varieties of pansies, commonly grown in containers, hanging baskets, window boxes, and garden beds. This plant is ideal for cool-season gardening, providing vibrant color in early spring and fall. Viola x wittrockiana can handle light frosts, which makes it a perfect choice for winter and early spring displays in cooler climates. Regular deadheading promotes continuous blooming.